Epidemiological study of sporotrichosis and histoplasmosis in captive Latin American wild mammals, S o Paulo, Brazil

Publisher Website
Google Scholar
Abstract
Sporotrichosis and histoplasmosis are deep mycosis with a high incidence in human beings in Brazil. In domestic animals histoplasmosis has been described only in dogs, but the occurence of sporotrichosis among domestic animals in Brazil has been described in dogs, cats, mules and asses. There is also a case of this disease reported in a chimpanzee (Pan troglodites). The purpose of this research was to perform an epidomiological study of these mycoses using delayed hypersensitivity tests (histoplasmin and sporotrichin) in Latin American wild mammals. This research was assayed using 96 healthy animals at Parque Zoológico de São Paulo, Brazil: Primates: 33Cebus apella — weeping-capuchin and 16Callithrix jacchus — marmoset; Procyonidae: 37Nasua nasua — coatimundi and 10 Felidae (Panthera onca — jaguar;Felis pardalis — ocelotFelis wiedii — margay;Felis tigrina — wild cat). For intradermic tests, the following antigens were used:Sporothrix schenkii cell suspension (sporotrichin, histoplasmin-filtrate),Histoplasma capsulatum cell suspension (histoplasmin), andHistoplasma capsulatum (polysaccharide). The positivity to histoplasmin was 44.79% (Cebidae 15.15%; Callithricidae 6.25%; Procyonidae 86.49% and Felidae 50.00%, respectively). With respect to sporotrichin, 30.21% (Cebidae 6.06%, Callithricidae 0.0%; Procyonidae 64.86% and Felidae 30.00% respectively). The pattern of infection is similar to that shown by human beings and this may suggest that these animals could be involved in the epidemiologic chain of sporotrichosis and histoplasmosis, the second most prevalent human deep mycoses in Brazil. It is important to point out the absence of similar studies in Latin American wild animals.