Corneal dystrophies and keratoconus

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Abstract
Corneal dystrophies are a subject of continuing interest to clinicians and researchers. Newer data on the known entities and the description of possible new ones bring us to a better understanding of these diseases. This understanding aids in the treatment of these diseases both in the superficial and the stromal groups. The different variants that involve the abnormal deposition of amyloid, mucopolysaccharides, or lipids are also reviewed. Keratoconus alone is the subject of almost half of the literature in this field, and this has reflected the general acceptance of the computer-assisted instruments for the analysis of corneal shape. The possibility of an early detection of keratoconus has disclosed the frequent familial nature of this entity, which thus fits into the definition of a dystrophy. Further efforts have been directed toward an earlier and more accurate detection of affected individuals. These efforts are also influencing the way we manage these patients either with contact lenses or surgery.

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