Duodenum-Preserving Resection of the Head of the Pancreas in Severe Chronic Pancreatitis

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Abstract
In 128 patients with severe chronic pancreatitis and inflammatory enlargement of the head of the pancreas, a duodenum-preserving resection of the pancreatic head was performed. Median postoperative hospitalization was 15.5 days, and the frequency of reoperation was 5.5%. One patient died during the early postoperative phase, and hospital mortality amounted to 0.8%. After a median follow-up period of 3.6 years (range of 7 months to 16 years), six of 127 patients died (late mortality of 4.7%). Seventyseven per cent of the patients were completely free of abdominal pain, 67% returned to their former occupations. During the late follow-up period, the glucose metabolism was unchanged in 80.7% of the patients, in 13.7% it deteriorated, and in 5.5% it improved permanently; 80% of the patients experienced a marked increase in weight averaging 8.7 kg. Compared with the Whipple procedure, the duodenum-preserving resection of the head of the pancreas spares the patient with chronic pancreatitis a gastrectomy, duodenectomy, and resection of the extrahepatic biliary ducts. In terms of a subtotal resection, the limited operative intervention at the head of the pancreas and the preservation of the duodenum explain the low early and late postoperative morbidity and mortality.