High‐Rate Contact Flocculation—Filtration With Cationic Polyelectrolytes

Abstract
In conventional treatment plants the flocculation and sedimentation operations are inefficient for low‐turbidity water. Direct, high‐rate contact flocculation–filtration processes are suitable for this type of water when used with polyelectrolytes. Plants being designed for low‐turbidity water in developing countries can include the latter method to reduce overall capital cost. Existing plants also can be converted to the new method.

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