Friction of Journal Bearings as Influenced by Clearance and Length

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Abstract
An investigation at the Bureau of Standards is described, the object of which was to determine the effects upon the frictional resistance of small-bore full-journal bearings of changes in the length-diameter and clearance-diameter ratios. A journal-bearing friction machine provided a method for measuring the frictional resistance when operating under different conditions of load on the bearing, speed of the journal, and viscosity of the lubricant. By a suitable correlation of these factors a measure of the effects of changes of clearance and length with bearings of the same diameter was obtained. The results indicate that changes in the length-diameter ratio as well as in the clearance-diameter ratio have marked effects upon the frictional characteristics of journal bearings in normal operation. Suitable corrections to a theoretical equation for journal friction are derived from these experiments for bearings of all normal clearances and lengths. In the conclusion, further steps toward a more complete understanding of journal-bearing performance are indicated.

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