Effects of Some Mycotoxins on the Mediterranean Flour Moth 1

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Abstract
The Mediterranean flour moth, Anagasta (Ephestia) kuhniella (Zeller), was reared on whole wheat flour diets with and without a yeast supplement. Six mycotoxins produced by grain storage fungi were added to the diets in 10-fold concentrations. Larval growth was inhibited by orchratoxin A, citrinin, rubratoxin B, and patulin. Ten ppm of ochratoxin A and 100 ppm of citrinin and rubratoxin B caused significant mortality. No moths survived at 100-ppm ochratoxin A and 1,000-ppm citrinin. Rubratoxin B decreased fecundity and fertility, especially in diets without yeast. Penicillic acid and oxalic acid had no effect. Mycotoxin activity in the measured parameters of growth, development, reproduction, and mortality was mitigated by yeast supplementation of the diet.

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