Diurnal Flight Periodicities and Temperature Thresholds for Three Potato-colonizing Aphids (Homoptera: Aphididae) in New Brunswick

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Abstract
In New Brunswick potato fields, diurnal periodicity of summer flights is unimodal for Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and Aphis nasturtii Kaltenbach and bimodal for Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas). Temperature thresholds for flight takeoff from potato plants under field conditions are 16°C for M. euphorbiae, 16–17°C for M. persicae, and 19°C for A. nasturtii. On average, the teneral period at 22–24°C lasts for M. persicae and A. nasturtii, but takes 24–48 h for M. euphorbiae alienicolae. Periodicity of molting is similar to periodicity of flight in all three aphid species.