DISPPEARANCE OF RESIDUAL TOXAPHENE IN A MISSISSIPPI DELTA SOIL

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Abstract
An agricultural soil containing approximately 3.7 ppm residual toxaphene [insecticide] was collected from a cotton-growing area of Mississippi [USA] and used to study toxaphene disappearance under several laboratory conditions. The soil was incubated in the laboratory for 4 wk, either unamended or amended with alfalfa meal, moist (-0.3 bar water potential) or flooded (unstirred or stirred continuously), and under CO2-free air or N. Extensive toxaphene disappearance, based on percent recovery, occurred in both the unamended and amended anaerobic environments, and may be the result of a microbiological enrichment effect. In amended soil, the percent of toxaphene recovery and degree of anaerobiosis (Eh) followed the order: flooded, stirred (N2) < flooded, unstirred (N2) < flooded, unstirred (air) < moist (N2) < flooded, stirred (air) < moist (air). Percent recovery of toxaphene (y) was related to Eh [oxidation reduction potential] (x) by the equation y = 22.815 + 0.072x + 0.00005277x2.

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