Simultaneous measurements of HDO, H2O, and CH4 with MIPAS‐B: Hydrogen budget and indication of dehydration inside the polar vortex

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Abstract
For the first time, vertical profiles of HDO inside the Arctic vortex along with CH4 and H2O were retrieved from nighttime infrared limb emission spectra measured by the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding, Balloonborne instrument (MIPAS‐B) from Kiruna (Sweden, 68°N) on February 11, 1995 and March 24, 1997. The deuterium to hydrogen ratio (D/H) of water vapor shows a strong depletion in comparison to that of standard mean ocean water (SMOW), particularly in the lower stratosphere for the February 1995 flight. This extraordinarily strong depletion indicates an additional isotopic effect due to dehydration by polar stratospheric cloud particles. The maximum dehydration occurs at a lower altitude than that of the denitrification measured on the same flight. A dehydration of up to 0.7(±0.4) ppmv is seen in the compact correlation between CH4 and H2O. For the March 1997 results the exceptionally low D/H ratios and a deviation from the linear H2O‐CH4 correlation could not be found. The H2O results of the February 1995 flight show a peak mixing ratio of 7.1 ppmv at 17.1 hPa and a minimum of 3.6 ppmv at 137.5 hPa. The analysis of the March flight shows a similar profile, but the vertical gradient is less pronounced. The total hydrogen budget of the stratosphere was examined by evaluating the quantity [H] = [H2O] + 2[CH4], revealing values of around 7.25 ppmv on average for both flights. All profiles reflect the subsidence of polar vortex air.

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