Antibody Is Required for Protection against Virulent but Not AttenuatedSalmonella entericaSerovar Typhimurium

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Abstract
Resolution of infection with attenuatedSalmonellais an active process that requires CD4+T cells. Here, we demonstrate that costimulation via the surface molecule CD28, but not antibody production by B cells, is required for clearance of attenuatedaroA Salmonella entericaserovartyphimurium. In contrast, specific antibody is critical for vaccine-induced protection against virulent bacteria. Therefore, CD28+CD4+T cells are sufficient for clearance of avirulentSalmonellain naive hosts, whereas CD4+T cells and specific antibodies are required for protection from virulentSalmonellain immune hosts.