The Establishment of a New Commune State

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Abstract
The Chinese and Soviet Communist parties were embroiled in argument with each other through the exchange of open letters from the end of 1962 to 1964. The argument was so bitter that everything that was there to be argued about seems to have been thoroughly covered. However, as I review the exchanged letters today, I cannot help noticing how much time has passed between then and now (except in the case of the last in the series: "Khrushchev's Pseudo-Communism and Its Lesson to World History"). First of all, the whole argument started with "a controversy over the general line of the international communist movement." According to the official view of the Communist Party of China in those days, the USSR was a comrade-in-arms, errant, but still remaining in the camp of the movement. The first in the series of open letters criticizing the Central Committee of the Soviet Communist Party — "A Proposal on the General Line of the International Communist Movement" — dealt with the four fundamental contradictions of the present world; but the polemics between the two countries, or, rather, between the two parties, was not even included. On the other hand, "the contradiction between the socialist camp and the imperialist camp," which was the first of the four fundamental contradictions, has already lost its substance, as is clear to everybody. Today, after four years, China is charging the "socialist" USSR with social imperialism; the USSR is no longer a fellow member of the international communist movement, but an "enemy" of China.

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