Color Centers in X-Irradiated Halophosphate Crystals

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Abstract
A number of new measurements have been made of the properties of the anisotropic color centers produced by x rays in single crystals of calcium fluoro- and chlorophosphate. The measurements include optical absorption, fluorescence, and photoconductivity. Transformations of the centers under thermal and optical excitation were studied. Three distinct color centers are necessary to account for all the observed color bands, and it is suggested that these are composed of appropriate combinations of halogen vacancies. Coloration results when such defects capture electrons during x irradiation. Subsequent color changes are thermally induced by diffusion of these defects and their aggregation to form new complexes.

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