Air-generated electron contamination of 4 and 10 MV photon beams: a comparison of theory and experiment

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Abstract
The contribution to the surface dose of contaminant electrons produced in air is studied for the photon beams of the Clinac 4 and Clinac 18 by measuring the change in per cent surface ionisation when a portion of the air path is replaced by helium. Measurements are made both with and without a magnetic field to sweep away electrons produced in the jaws. The measured changes are compared with the predictions of the theory of Nilsson and Brahme (ibid., vol.24, p.901, 1979) and also with the theory of Howarth et al. (Br. J. Radiol., vol.24, p.671, 1951) modified for the photon spectrum.