Trends in HPS lamp technology

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Abstract
This paper reviews the present scientific and technological states of the high-pressure sodium (HPS) lamp, and also considers its future prospects. In twenty years since the introduction of the lamp, the HPS lamp technology has almost reached a first mature stage, and the basic physical properties of the HPS discharge are well understood. Recent activities in the lamp technology have been in the following directions: improvement in the lamp colour quality and a further increase in luminous efficacy. The HPS lamp will still expand its total demand as well as application fields even to indoor lighting in the future.