Development and Psychometric Testing of a Quality of Recovery Score After General Anesthesia and Surgery in Adults

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Abstract
A variety of methods have been used to quantify aspects of recovery after anesthesia.Most are narrowly focused, are not patient-rated, and have not been validated. We therefore set out to develop a patient-rated quality of recovery score. We constructed a 61-item questionnaire that asked individuals (patients and relatives, medical and nursing staff; total n = 136) to rate various postoperative items describing features a patient may experience postoperatively. The most highly ranked items were included in a final nine-point index score, which we called the "QoR Score." We then studied two cohorts of surgical patients (n = 449). There was good convergent validity between the QoR Score and the visual analog scale score (rho = 0.55, P (Anesth Analg 1999;88:83-90)

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