Role of extracellular virus on the maintenance of the persistent infection induced in Aedes albopictus (mosquito) cells by Sindbis virus

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Abstract
Sindbis virus infection of cultured mosquito cells had no effect on the growth of these cells; instead, a persistent infection of the culture followed an initial acute phase of rapid virus synthesis. Nearly all of the cells in the acute stage of infection actively released virus in an infectious-center assay and contained significant amounts of virus antigen [protein] as determined by immunofluorescence. Cells in the persistent phase of infection released few virions into the media, and only a small percentage of the cultured cells could be demonstrated to contain detectable amounts of virus antigen by immunofluorescence assay. Although nearly 100% of the cells in the persistent phase of infection were virus negative by the 2 assays described above, the culture as a whole totally excluded the expression of superinfecting virus, as did cells in the acute phase, suggesting that most of the persistently infected cells contained virus information. Prevention of re-infection of the cells in the persistent phase by eliminating extracellular virus resulted in a curing of the culture such that it responded to infection by added virus much as would an uninfected culture.