PUPILLARY ANOMALIES IN SCHIZOPHRENIA

Abstract
Certain anomalies in the regularity, equality and reaction to light of the pupils of the eyes are established stigmas of a neuropathologic condition, especially of neurosyphilis. That these anomalies may have other significance is also recognized, however; and because of what seemed to be a frequent occurrence of such independent or idiopathic pupillary pathologic changes, I1made a previous attempt to determine the relative frequency of their occurrence and the relative frequency of a definite indication in 1,000 general medical and surgical cases. In approximately one third of these cases there was no apparent cause for the anomaly and no other associated pathologic condition. From a study of these cases it was suggested that such iodiopathic pupillary anomalies might represent stigmas of an inferior constitutional development or of deteriorating somatic changes, without special diagnostic importance. Because of the high frequency of the occurrence of somatic stigmas in schizophrenia, a

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