Effects of heterologous cross-suture between the postganglionic sympathetic and the preganglionic parasympathetic nerve trunks of submandibular glands in cats

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Abstract
After sectioning the postganglionic adrenergic sympathetic nerve trunk for the submandibular gland, as close to the submandibular artery as practicable, its central end was sutured to the peripheral end of the preganglionic cholinergic parasympathetic nerve trunk for the gland, the chorda, which had been sectioned where it left the lingual nerve. The effects of this heterologous cross-sature were studied at different times, up to 1 year afterwards, by assessing the physiological and pharmacological responses of the glands and the neuro-histochemical changes in the nerve trunks and in the nerves within the glands. In all cases adrenergic sympathetic nerves grew across the site of suture and down the erstwhile cholinergic parasympathetic trunk, eventually to develop connections in the gland. In some cases the functional adrenergic reinnervation of the submandibular gland appeared to result exclusively or predominantly from the direct downgrowth of adrenergic axons to the gland, via the crossed nerves. In other cases however, in addition to a direct glandular reinnervation, there was some physiological and morphological evidence which suggested that possible heterogenous synaptic contacts may have been created between postganglionic sympathetic axons and cholinergic ganglion cells in the chorda nerve.