A Micromanipulator-Based System for Immunologic Analyses with Microliter and Submicroliter Reactant Volumes

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Abstract
Summary: An efficient, micromanipulator-based test system is described for the immunologic analysis of microliter and submicroliter volumes by complement fixation, hemagglutination and immunodiffusion in both agar and cellulose acetate. With this system it is possible to carry out all of these tests on a total antiserum volume of about 1.5 µl. Antigen volume requirements for these tests are correspondingly low. In regard to reactant concentrations the sensitivity of the micromethods compares favorably with the sensitivity of the corresponding macromethods.