Ferroelectric and optical hysteresis in SBN doped with rare-earth elements

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Abstract
In Sr0.61Ba0.39Nb2O6 crystals doped with Ce or Tm the dependence of the two-beam coupling gain factor Γ on an external dc-field E applied after recording shows a hysteresis, which reflects the ferroelectric P - E hysteresis. At coercive fields Ec , the sign of Γ abruptly reverses, i.e. the energy transfer direction between the coupled beams. The field-controlled state of r is stable and stored after turning off the fields. The results are discussed in terms of the electrooptical effect and ferroelectricity in oxygen-octahedra ferroelectrics.