INVIVO AND INVITRO RESPONSES TO QUININE AND QUINIDINE OF PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM

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  • 1 January 1988
    • journal article
    • research article
    • Vol. 66  (3) , 347-352
Abstract
A total of 66 Thai children with uncomplicated falciparum malaria were treated orally with regimens of either quinine or quinidine. Radical cures were observed in 85% (28 fo 33) of the children who received quinine and in 88% (29 out of 33) of those who received quinidine. Treatment failures in both groups were RI responses. The mean trough level of quinidine (10 .mu.mol/l) was about 2.5-times less than that of quinine (25 .mu.mol/l). The electrocardiograms of the two treatment groups differed significantly in that there was an acute prolongation of the QTc interval in 56% of those who received quinidine compared with 21.0% of those given quinine. In vitro assays of the pretreatment drug susceptibilities of the isolates of Plasmodium falciparum indicated that the mean minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for quinidine (1.44 .mu.mol/l) was about half that for quinine (3.02 .mu.mol/l). Although both drugs are equally effective, quinine is recommended for treatment of multidrug-resistant malaria in paediatric patients, primarily because of the cardiac effects produced by quinidine.