Scanning Electron Microscopy of Mycoplasmalike Organisms After Freeze Fracture of Plant Tissues Affected with Clover Phyllody and Aster Yellows

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Abstract
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of freeze-fractured root and petiole tissues of aster yellows and clover phyllody-affected aster (Callistephus chinensis) plants revealed the presence of mycoplasmalike organisms (ML0). The identification of MLO was based on the presence of polymorphic bodies such as filamentous branching forms, ''dumbells'' and budding spherical bodies in the phloem cells, presumabably the sieve elements; these were not observed in healthy plants. The sizes and polymorphic forms of the MLO found in aster yellows- and clover phyllody-affected plants were not significantly different. The advantages and disadvantages of freeze-fracture SEM are discussed.

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