Abstract
This final chapter is concerned with the comparative analysis of industrial action based on the foregoing case studies. These studies demand answers to such questions as: to what extent are the industrial action patterns in the four industries alike; are there a number of common structural factors that help to explain both the similarities and differences between the industrial action profiles? In other words, is it possible to formulate a theory of industrial action, or are we simply left with a series of ad hoc explanations? It will be argued that our research does indeed point towards a theory. After exploring this aspect in some detail, consideration will be given to the research and policy implications of the theory. But first a number of potential criticisms of the case studies must be examined, for these may seriously detract from the force of our subsequent argument.

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