Fundamental consideration of piezoelectric ceramic multi-morph actuators

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Abstract
This paper deals with a piezoelectric ceramic multi-morph actuator. Included in the first part is investigation of its force factor and electro-mechanical coupling factor in static operation. The force factor can be made large in proportion to the layer number of piezoelectric ceramics. Therefore the multi-morph actuator can yield relatively large displacement in spite of low input voltage. But its electro-mechanical coupling factor is improved little. Second part contains new displacement devices as an application of the actuator; cantilever displacement device with zero slope at its head, integrated displacement and turned back displacement devices are reported. In the third, description of its force factor in dynamic operation is also made and some dynamical applications are presented.