Structural analysis of AlCl3–n-butylpyridinium chloride electrolytes by X-ray diffraction

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Abstract
The structures of AlCl3–n-butylpyridinium chloride (BPC) mixtures have been investigated using the radial distribution function (r.d.f.) based on X-ray scattered intensity data and have been analysed by the correlation method. By an analysis of r.d.f., it was confirmed that the AlCl4 tetrahedron is the fundamental structural unit in AlCl3–BPC melt. The nearest-neighbour distances of Al—Cl and Cl—Cl pairs for AlCl– 4 in a 1:1 AlCl3–BPC melt at 60 °C and for Al2Cl– 7 in a 2:1 AlCl3–BPC melt at 20 °C were 2.15 and 3.51 Å, respectively. The Al2Cl– 7 ion in a 2:1 AlCl3–BPC melt at 150 °C decomposed partly to AlCl– 4 and Al2Cl6.