The anthelmintic efficacy of thiabendazole and levamisole against inhibitedHaemonchus contortuslarvae in sheep

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Abstract
Extract Inhibition in the parasitic development of trichostrongylid nematodes is a commonly reported phenomenon (Michel, 1968 Anderson, N. , Armour, J. , Jarrett, W. F. H. , Jennings, F. W. , Ritchie, J. D. S. and Urquhart, G. M. 1965. A field study of parasitic gastritis in cattle. Vet. Rec., 77: 1196–1204. [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®] [Google Scholar] ) and its occurrence in Ostertagia ostertagi infections in cattle particularly well documented (Martin et al., 1957 Armour, J. 1970. Bovine ostertagiasis: a review. Vet. Rec., 86: 184–190. [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®] [Google Scholar] ; Michel, 1963 Armour, J. , Jennings, F. W. and Urquhart, G. M. 1969a. Inhibition of Ostertagia ostertagi at the early fourth larval stage — I. The seasonal incidence. Res. vet. Sci., 10: 232–237. [Google Scholar] ; Anderson et al., 1965 Armour, J. , Jennings, F. W. and Urquhart, G. M. 1969b. Inhibition of Ostertagia ostertagi at the early fourth larval stage — II. The influence of environment on host or parasite. Res. vet. Sci., 10: 238–244. [Google Scholar] ; Armour et al., 1969a Blitz, N. M. and Gibbs, H. C. 1971. Morphological characterization of the stage of arrested development of Haemonchus contortus in sheep. Can. J. Zool., 49: 991–995. [Google Scholar] , b Blitz, N. M. and Gibbs, H. C. 1972a. Studies on the arrested development of Haemonchus contortus in sheep — I. The induction of arrested development. Int. J. Parasit., 2: 5–12. [Google Scholar] ; Brunsdon, 1973 Blitz, N. M. and Gibbs, H. C. 1972b. Studies on the arrested development of Haemonchus contortus in sheep — II. Termination of arrested development and the spring rise phenomenon. Int. J. Parasit., 2: 13–22. [Crossref] [Google Scholar] ). In this parasite inhibition occurs at the early fourth larval stage and of primary veterinary importance, in the fact that, in contrast to normally developing larvae, such inhibited forms are insusceptible to all known anthelmintics (Armolur, 1970 Brunsdon, R. V. 1973. Inhibited development of Ostertagia spp. and Cooperia spp. in naturally acquired infections in calves. N.Z. vet. J., 20: 183–189. [Google Scholar] ).