Development and Growth of Some Agricultural Species on a Subantarctic Island

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Abstract
Six annual agricultural species [rape, barley, ryegrass, pea, rye, subterranean clover] were grown in summer at South Georgia (54.degree. S) and in the winter-spring growing season at Melbourne (38.degree. S) [Australia]. The mean daily air temperature at South Georgia was 5.degree. C (slightly higher at plant level) and about 10.degree. C at Melbourne. Day-neutral cultivars of pea and barley flowered at South Georgia 10 days later than at Melbourne. Day-sensitive cultivars of rye and ryegrass flowered about 10 days earlier than at Melbourne. All species failed to set seed at South Georgia. All species grew more slowly at South Georgia, despite the higher daily radiation. This was due to lower temperatures and lower soil fertility. Of the species tested, rye grew most at South Georgia, compared with growth at Melbourne, and subterranean clover grew least.

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