A rapid digestion method for analysis of nickel compounds in tissue by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry

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Abstract
Quantification of nickel in animal soft tissue is of toxicological interest. A digestion method applying the use of microwave ovens for irradiating samples in Teflon digesters was developed. An acid mixture containing nitric acid (16 M, 1.0 ml g−1 tissue), hydrochloric acid (6 M, 0.5 ml g−1 tissue) and H2O2 (30%, 1.0 ml g−1 tissue) and irradiation at 600 W for 5 min were required for complete dissolution of tissue matrices and nickel compounds. Analyses of Ni in National Bureau of Standards Reference Material 1566 oyster tissue gave 0.87 ± 0.24 μg g−1 (mean ± SD, n = 5), which was in agreement with the NBS certified value of 1.03 ± 0.19 μg g−1. Recoveries of 1–300 μg Ni added as nickel sulfate (highly soluble), nickel subsulfide (moderately soluble in biological fluids and acid) or nickel oxide (green high-temperature oxide, low solubility in biological fluids and acid) to lung, liver, lymph node and kidney were quantitative, except in the case of nickel sulfate added to kidney, where recovery was less than quantitative for 1–10 μg Ni. The method appears effective for digestion of a variety of tissues requiring Ni analyses.