Metabolic-energy-dependent movement of PML bodies within the mammalian cell nucleus

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Abstract
Promyelocytic leukaemia (PML) nuclear bodies are present in most mammalian cell nuclei. PML bodies are disrupted by PML retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARα) oncoproteins in acute promyelocytic leukaemia. These bodies contain numerous proteins, including Sp100, SUMO-1, HAUSP(USP7), CBP and BLM, and they have been implicated in aspects of transcriptional regulation or as nuclear storage depots. Here, we show that three classes of PML nuclear bodies can be distinguished, on the basis of their dynamic properties in living cells. One class of PML bodies is particularly noteworthy in that it moves by a metabolic-energy-dependent mechanism. This represents the first example of metabolic-energy-dependent transport of a nuclear body within the mammalian cell nucleus.