Boards of Directors in Nonprofit Organizations: Composition, Activities, and Organizational Outcomes

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Abstract
Analyses of survey responses from the executive directors of 184 human service organizations examined the relationships of board characteristics to board activities, and of board activities to organizational outcomes. Results indicated that board characteristics most predictive of board activities were the numbers of board members who were representatives of the client population, who had expertise in marketing, who were trained in the types of service provided by the agency, and who regularly performed volunteer work for the agency. Although in general board activities had few statistical relationships with agency outcomes, the board's involvement in working to enhance the agency's image in the community was related to a number of outcome measures.