A directionally sensitive particle image velocimeter

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Abstract
Measurements of flow velocity by the particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique have a directional ambiguity. In common with the laser Doppler anemometer, there is an upper limit of turbulence measurable without spectral distortion. An image shifting instrument is described which enables both the directional ambiguity of the flow to be resolved and the upper limit of measurable turbulence to be increased.