Spectroscopic Study Of Laser-Induced Plasma In The Welding Process Of Steel And Aluminium

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Abstract
Results of spectral diagnostics of the plasma produced by intense laser radiation during the welding process of steel and aluminium with CO2 lasers are presented. The experiments were carried out in an intensity range I = 106 ÷ 107 W/cm and with He, N2, Co2, Ar as shielding gases. The electron plasma temperature T and density n were measured under various processing and shielding gas conditions.It is shown that the time-averaged plasma temperature correlates with the welding results such as e.g. a welding depth obtained by varation of the welding speed and process gas. In this way it is demonstrated that spectral characteristics of the plasma can be used in the monitoring of the plasma and in the optimalization of the welding process. Furthermore, it is shown that spectroscopic results help to explain the influence of the process gas. Examples of cooling, heating and shielding effects caused by process gases are shown and discussed in view of the efficiency of the welding process.

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