Nerve and Muscle

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Abstract
A review of the present status of investigations upon the relation of nerve to skeletal muscle. The author discusses plurisegmental innervation, red and white muscle, muscle spindles, motor endings, and tonus as it is related to nerve endings. Investigations of plurisegmental innervation of fibers of the m. gastrocnemius of the frog by the measure of tension and heat developed and electrical response result in a dilemma which only morphological studies can resolve. Studies of the m. sar-torius after section of n. IX in the frog shows that many of its fibers are plurisegmentally innervated. There is great difficulty in making a satisfactory generalization in regard to distribution of red and white muscle. The 2 types of fibers may be distinguished spectroscopically and morphologically and also have certain physiological peculiarities, but present technic fails to demonstrate any difference in innervation. Exact relation of components of the peripheral nerves to the spindle is still to be analyzed, and the whole field of nerve endings is in need of reinvestigation. The evidence presented shifts the balance of responsibility for tone away from the sympathetic, it being found in some muscles at least, without anything assigned for it to do. The bibliography contains 160 titles.

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