CLINICAL IMPORTANCE OF URETERAL DUPLICATION AND ECTOPIA

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Abstract
Among the urologic patients admitted to a university hospital the incidence of duplication of the ureter has been 6%. The vesical orifice of the ureter has often been found to lie outside the vesical trigone, and such ectopia in every case has been concomitant with ureteral duplication. These anomalies are associated with much functional disturbance. Infections or other serious disease conditions were present in more than 40 % of the cases. Incontinence of urine is not always noted. The patient may be continent even when the ectopic ureteral orifice is in the vulva. One patient with two extravesical orifices did not have urinary leakage until the age of 20, after the birth of her first child. The frequency of these anomalies and the variety of symptoms they produce indicate that they should be kept in mind wherever the physician is confronted with obscure urinary complaints.

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