Urine: A Suitable Sample for Deoxyribonucleic Acid Flow Cytometry Studies in Patients with Bladder Cancer

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Abstract
Deoxyribonucleic acid flow cytometry of bladder washings has proved to be a valuable procedure for the diagnosis and followup of patients with transitional cell carcinoma. However, for this procedure to gain maximal acceptance, it should be possible to use voided urine specimens instead of bladder washings. To evaluate this possibility we compared histogram findings for 114 bladder washings and 122 concomitantly obtained urine samples (voided and catheterized) from 89 consecutive patients who had active or a history of transitional cell carcinoma. Unsatisfactory histograms were obtained in 4 per cent of the urine samples and in 2.6 per cent of the bladder washing samples. The satisfactory rate for voided or catheterized urine samples was the same. We conclude that in this patient population satisfactory deoxyribonucleic acid histograms can be obtained from samples of voided urine.