Chemical and Electrochemical Characterization of Polymer Gel Electrolytes Based on a Poly(alkylene oxide) Macromonomer for Application to Lithium Batteries

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Abstract
Polymer gel electrolytes were prepared from a molecularly designed poly(alkylene oxide) triacrylate macromonomer and different liquid electrolytes. The cross‐linking kinetics of the macromonomer in a liquid electrolyte was studied by using differential scanning calorimetry equipped with ultraviolet light irradiation system (UV‐DSC). It was revealed that the photoinitiated cross‐linking reaction followed the first order kinetics in terms of macromonomer concentration. The cross‐linking reaction finished completely under suitable conditions of ultraviolet (UV) light strength and photoinitiator concentrations. The gel electrolytes prepared exhibited a high ionic conductivity of 3 mS/cm at room temperature and kept 1 mS/cm even at −20°C, when electrolyte was incorporated in the gel. A linear relationship between the ionic conductivity of liquid electrolytes and that of the gel electrolytes containing the corresponding liquid electrolytes was observed, except for the case where was used as an electrolyte salt. The interfacial resistances at the lithium/gel electrolyte interfaces were largely dependent on the kind of liquid electrolytes incorporated in the gels. Preliminary results of the application of the gel electrolytes to lithium and lithium ion batteries implied high utilization of cathode material and cycleability. © 2000 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.

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