Abstract
Owing to peculiarities in spermatogenesis, the 2 sister halves of one chromosome are regularly transmitted by all functional sperms. Evidence indicates that this is an X-chromosome and that sex is determined during development by selective elimination of one or both members. It also suggests (1) that one sister chromosome is altered and becomes functionally a Y, (2) that sex characteristics of soma and gonads are determined independently, and (3) that the latter depend on which of the 2 sister chromosomes is eliminated. Interpretation is based on combined genetic and cytological evidence.

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