The human beta-globin gene contains multiple regulatory regions: identification of one promoter and two downstream enhancers.

Abstract
We have introduced into murine erythroleukaemia (MEL) cells several series of deletion mutants of hybrid genes between the human beta‐globin gene and the murine H‐2Kb gene. S1 nuclease and transcriptional run‐off analysis showed that the human beta‐globin gene contains at least three globin specific transcriptional control elements. One is a promoter element and is located 160 bp upstream from the transcription initiation site; it increases the efficiency of the promoter after MEL cells are induced to differentiate. The other two elements are tissue‐specific transcriptional enhancers and are located downstream from the transcription initiation site, the first in the structural beta‐globin gene and the second in the 3′ flanking sequences.