Cementum engineering with three‐dimensional polymer scaffolds

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Abstract
Cloned cementoblasts (OCCMs), periodontal ligament fibroblasts (SV‐PDLs), and dental follicle (SV‐F) cells obtained from mice were used as a tool to study periodontal tissue engineering. OCCM, SV‐PDL, and SV‐F cells were seeded onto three‐dimensional poly lactic‐co‐glycolic acid (PLGA) scaffolds and cultured with the use of bioreactors or implanted subcutaneously in severe combined immune deficiency (SCID) mice for up to 6 weeks. We explored the behavior of these cells in porous PLGA sponges by cell growth, expression of mineral‐associated genes using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, and mineralization by histologic analysis in vitro and in vivo. Results indicated that cells attached to PLGA scaffolds under either static or dynamic conditions in vitro. Only OCCM implants, retrieved from both in vitro bioreactors and SCID mice at 3‐and 6‐weeks post–cell implantation exhibited mineral formation. Types I and XII collagens, osteocalcin, and bone sialoprotein genes were detected in all implants retrieved from SCID mice. These results suggest that delivery of selected cells via PLGA scaffolds may serve as a viable approach for promoting periodontal tissue regeneration. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 67A: 54–60, 2003