Studies in ferrocene derivatives. IX. The dimerization of α-ferrocenyl carbonium ions

Abstract
Ferrocenylethylenes dissolve in 90% HCOOH to give solutions of the α-ferrocenyl carbonium ions in equilibrium with the unprotonated species. These subsequently react by an ionic-addition mechanism to give dimeric carbonium ions which can cyclize by both homo-and heteroannular pathways.