Urinary cadmium and beta2‐microglobulin: Correlation with nutrition and smoking history
- 1 October 1988
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Taylor & Francis in Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health
- Vol. 25 (2) , 179-183
- https://doi.org/10.1080/15287398809531199
Abstract
Urinary cadmium and beta2‐microglobulin concentrations from approximately 1000 samples from the general adult U.S. population, collected as part of the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey II (NHANES II), were related to nutritional and smoking history of the individuals. Urinary cadmium concentration was negatively correlated with dietary iron (significance level of 0.0065), negatively correlated with dietary calcium (significance level of <0.0001), and significantly (level of <0.001) higher in past or present smokers than in those who had never smoked. The results suggest increased cadmium absorption in the presence of low dietary intake of iron, low dietary intake of calcium, and cigarette smoking in the general population of the United States.This publication has 7 references indexed in Scilit:
- Effects of Zinc, Iron and Copper Deficiencies on Cadmium in Tissues of Japanese QuailEnvironmental Health Perspectives, 1984
- Urinary cadmium and beta2‐microglobulin: Normal values and concentration adjustmentJournal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, 1983
- Normal levels of cadmium in diet, urine, blood, and tissues of inhabitants of the united statesJournal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, 1979
- Cadmium: In Vivo Measurement in Smokers and NonsmokersScience, 1979
- Nutritional influences on metal toxicity: cadmium as a model toxic element.Environmental Health Perspectives, 1979
- Increased dietary cadmium absorption in mice and human subjects with iron deficiencyGastroenterology, 1978