Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Keratitis

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Abstract
• We report two cases of nontuberculous mycobacterial keratitis. To our knowledge, case 1 is the first documented case ofMycobacterium chelonei sclerokeratitisand case 2 is the first report ofMycobacterium flavescenskeratitis. A total of 40 cases of nontuberculous mycobacterial keratitis involving at least five different species have been reported previously in the literature. Almost all of these opportunistic infections have occurred following either accidental or surgical ocular trauma, usually associated with the use of local corticosteroids. Encountered infrequently, these organisms can be incorrectly identified as other bacteria, including diphtheroids andNocardiaspecies. Histopathologic examination and special stains of infected tissues may be helpful in establishing the correct diagnosis. Cultures and sensitivity testing are mandatory in determining appropriate treatment.

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