Primacy and recency effects in serial-position curves of immediate recall.

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Abstract
Each of 48 college students were read lists of 6, 10, and 15 English words in counterbalanced order. Half the Ss were given instructions for the immediate serial recall of the lists; the remaining, immediate free recall. Mean percentage correct recall was found to be higher for conditions of free than serial recall and for shorter than longer lists. Serial-position curves showed that recency effects, relative to primacy, were stronger for free than serial recall and for longer than shorter lists. Frequency of recall appeared to be more closely related to order of emission of an item during recall than to its order during presentation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)

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