A non‐human primate study (baboon; Papio hamadryas) to determine if a long‐acting progestogen, levonorgestrel butanoate, combined with a long‐acting androgen, testosterone buciclate, can suppress spermatogenesis: I. Dose‐finding study

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Abstract
This study in adult male baboons was conducted to establish the dose of a long-acting progestogen, levonorgestrel butanoate, and that of a long-acting androgen, testosterone buciclate, which, when combined, would achieve optimal and prolonged suppression of spermatogenesis. Two intramuscular injections of levonorgestrel butanoate at 3-month intervals and in the dose range 1-8 mg/kg reduced sperm production and plasma concentrations of testosterone, LH and FSH for periods of up to 6 months. The suppression of sperm production was greatest and most prolonged in the 4 mg/kg group. Two intramuscular injections of testosterone buciclate at 3-month intervals, and at doses of 4 and 8 mg/kg, induced variable changes in circulating levels of testosterone, elevated by the higher dose, and caused sperm suppression, in some animals to azoospermia. It was concluded that 8 mg/kg testosterone buciclate would provide adequate androgen replacement when combined with 4 mg/kg levonorgestrel butanoate as a putative male contraceptive regimen.

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