Evaluation of the Effect of Bilateral Internal-Mammary-Artery Ligation on Cardiac Output and Coronary Blood Flow

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Abstract
THE therapy of angina pectoris has been a very difficult medical and surgical problem, and consequently new therapeutic approaches in this disease are avidly accepted by the lay public as well as the medical profession. Recently, there has been considerable interest in the procedure of bilateral internal-mammary-artery ligation for angina pectoris, and reports have ranged from those of enthusiasm1 2 3 4 to those of discouragement.5 The present study was undertaken to obtain objective evaluation of the procedure in human subjects with angina pectoris.Material and MethodsThe study was done on 5 subjects with severe angina pectoris that had failed to respond . . .