Effects of glucose-containing peritoneal-dialysis solutions on rates of lipogenesis in vivo in the liver, brown and white adipose tissue of chronic uraemic rats

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Abstract
Chronic uremic rats had decreased food intake accompanied by decreased weight of epididymal fat-pads and interscapular brown adipose tissue. Normal rats with restricted food intake similar to that of the uremic rats showed similar decreases in weight of adipose-tissue depots. Food-restricted rats had decreased liver weight compared with normal or uremic rats. The basal rate of lipogenesis was decreased in liver and epididymal fat-pads of food-restricted and uremic rats and in interscapular brown adipose tissue of uremic rats. Administration of low glucose-containing (1.36%) peritoneal-dialysis solution slightly increased lipogenesis in liver of uremic rats, but had no significant effect in epididymal fat-pads. For brown fat, the rate of lipogenesis was increased in normal, food-restricted and uremic groups, but values for the latter were 4-5-fold lower than for food-restricted or control groups. A high-glucose-containing (3.86%) peritoneal-dialysis solution gave similar rates of lipogenesis in liver, epididymal fat-pads and brown fat of all 3 groups, but for brown fat moderately uremic rats showed a considerably lower rate of lipogenesis than did mildly uremic rats. Basal plasma insulin concentration was lower in the food-restricted (50%) and uremic (70%) groups than the control group. Low-glucose peritoneal-dialysis solution increased plasma insulin to control values in food-restricted rats, but had no significant effect on plasma insulin in uremic rats, despite a significant increase in blood glucose. There is impairment of the lipogenic response to intraperitoneal glucose loads in interscapular brown adipose tissue of uremic rats that is not due to accompanying decrease in food intake. The hypoinsulinemia may be an important factor. The possible relevance of this finding to the obesity observed in some uremic patients treated by peritoneal dialysis with glucose-containing solutions is discussed.