Culture and differential fertility in Peru

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Abstract
Analysis of the 1940 Census of Peru discloses marked fertility differentials between urban and rural areas which are accounted for in terms of a lower incidence of motherhood in urban areas. Further analysis by department shows that social and economic characteristics are often related in one way to the Incidence of motherhood and in the opposite way to the fertility of mothers. Thus, Indian-speaking areas tend to have a high incidence of mothers but low motherhood fertility. The hypothesis is advanced that differential patterns of mating may account for such variations, and that increasing urbanization and cultural integration of Indian-speaking Peruvians may produce increases In fertility in the short run.

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