Refeeding, metabolic rate, and weight gain in anorexia nervosa: A review

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Abstract
Patients with anorexia nervosa require refeeding to restore normal body weight. A variety of studies have examined the role of metabolic rate in the refeeding of anorectic patients. Several measurement techniques have been used to divide metabolic rate into its components: basal metabolic rate, resting energy expenditure, activity‐induced thermogenesis, and dietary‐induced thermogenesis. In anorexia nervosa patients several consistent findings are present. First, the number of kilocalories required for weight gain or weight maintenance increases as weight increases. Second, over 50% of the body mass gained in anorectic individuals represents fat tissue. Finally, both a history of bulimic symptoms and a higher premorbid body weight may lead to lower calorie requirements. These findings suggest the need for gradual increase in calories provided throughout treatment; resting energy expenditures may aid the determination of caloric requirements. © 1995 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.