Chromosome painting analysis of early oogenesis in human trisomy 18

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Abstract
We have used chromosome 18-specific painting probes to analyze early stages of oogenesis in two human trisomy 18 fetuses. At leptotene, a diffuse, nonlinear chromosomal fluorescence was detected as one (27%), two (42%), or three (31 %) signals in 534 cells. The variation in size of these signals implies the possibility of associations between homologs prior to zygotene. At pachytene, about 75 % (339/453) of the cells had a trivalent configuration, and almost half of these cells exhibited almost complete triple synapses. Approximately 24% of the pachytene cells demonstrated a bivalent:univalent configuration, and 1 % exhibited complete asynapsis. Our data imply that triple synapses may be a regular feature of meiosis involving multivalents.

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