The space‐gradients of the Earth's magnetic field

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Abstract
§1. The space‐gradients of the Earth's magnetic field, like those of the gravitational field, are of both scientific and practical interest. The Eötvös gravity‐balance is available for measuring the gravitational gradients, and the possible importance of the magnetic gradient in geophysical prospecting has led to the proposal by H. Haalck1 of a device for measuring them, while I. Roman and T. C. Sermon2 have actually developed a (different) device for the same purpose. This consists of two similar coils rotated on parallel shafts in such a manner that the planes of the coils always remain parallel. Theratio of the electromotive forces induced in the two coils is measured, by means of a specially devised Kirchhoff net, and affords a measure of theproportionate magnetic gradient, that is, the gradient of any component, divided by that component.

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